Chapter XX

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

giving or marked by complete attention to

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

later than; following

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading At the end of September, Dunsterforce had ceased to exist, at any rate under that name.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the end of September, Dunsterforce had ceased to exist, at any rate under that name.

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

capital and largest city of Iraq; located on the Tigris River

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

a port city on the Caspian Sea that is the capital of Azerbaijan and an important center for oil production

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

a Caucasian

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading At the end of September, Dunsterforce had ceased to exist, at any rate under that name.

plural of “cease” — (“cease” is a noun only in the phrase “without cease”) end

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

-ing form of “concentrate” — make denser, stronger, or purer

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

to consider or examine in speech or writing

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

a republic in northeastern Africa known as the United Arab Republic until 1971; site of an ancient civilization that flourished from 2600 to 30 BC

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

one or the other of two

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

an opposing military force

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

extreme fatigue

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

have an existence, be extant

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

destroyed or killed

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

the head of a state government

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At the end of September, Dunsterforce had ceased to exist, at any rate under that name.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

(usually plural) the office that serves as the administrative center of an enterprise

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

(followed by “of”) lacking capacity or ability

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

an Iranian language spoken in Turkey and Iran and Iraq and Syria and Russia

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

an extensive geographical region in the Middle East to the south of the Caucasus

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

immediately past

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading At the end of September, Dunsterforce had ceased to exist, at any rate under that name.

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

plural of “oilfield” — a region rich in petroleum deposits (especially one with producing oil wells)

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

a member of a police force

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

plural of “raid” — a sudden short attack

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit

From this reading At the end of September, Dunsterforce had ceased to exist, at any rate under that name.

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

a port city in northeastern Greece on an inlet of the Aegean Sea; second largest city of Greece

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

cut with a saw

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading At the end of September, Dunsterforce had ceased to exist, at any rate under that name.

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

deliver a hard blow to

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

plural of “stage” — any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading After his capture of the oilfields' port, the enemy seemed to have reached the last stages of physical exhaustion, and to be incapable of further effort.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

United States classical archaeologist (born in Canada) noted for leading the excavation of the Athenian agora (1906-2000)

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

a native or inhabitant of Turkey

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

of or relating to or characteristic of Turkey or its people or language

From this reading IN KURDISTAN The last phase--Dunsterforce ceases to exist--The end of Turkish opposition--Off to Bijar--The Kurdish tribes--Raids on Bijar--Moved on by a policeman--Governor and poet.

plural of “turk” — a native or inhabitant of Turkey

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading At the end of September, Dunsterforce had ceased to exist, at any rate under that name.

plural of “unit” — any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was in South-Western Kurdistan that I saw the last phase of the war between the Turks and ourselves.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.

in the company of; together with

From this reading Dunsterville himself had gone down to Bagdad to discuss the whole Caucasian and North Persian situation with General Headquarters, and the officers of Dunsterforce had either gone back to their units in France, Salonika, and Egypt, or had been absorbed by the North Persian force which was concentrating under General Thompson at Enzeli for a fresh smack at the Turk in Baku.