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With the Persian Expedition
With the Persian Expedition

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of With the Persian Expedition is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.
I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.
Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!
There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.
Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

With the Persian Expedition

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of With the Persian Expedition is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.
Line 2
I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.
Line 3
Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!
/hiːr ðen ɑːr ə fjuː ʌv ðem ˈteɪkən æt ˈrændəm/
Line 4
There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.
Line 5
Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.
/ˈwɪljəmz ˈɔːlsoʊ æn ɔːˈstreɪljən ˈɔːfəsər wɑːz ə roʊdz ˈskɒl.ər frʌm ðə ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti ʌv ˈædəleɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Armistice noun US /ˈɑːrməstəs/

a state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss peace terms

From this reading “THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.”

Asiatic noun US /ˌeɪʒiˈætɪk/

a native or inhabitant of Asia

From this reading “I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.”

hostilities noun US /hɑːˈstɪlətiz/

fighting; acts of overt warfare

From this reading “THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.”

Kurdish noun US /ˈkɜːrdɪʃ/

an Iranian language spoken in Turkey and Iran and Iraq and Syria and Russia

From this reading “THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.”

participate verb US /pɑːrˈtɪsəpeɪt/

share in something

From this reading “I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.”

raiders noun US /ˈreɪdərz/

plural of “raider” — someone who takes spoils or plunder (as in war)

From this reading “THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.”

Tasmanian adjective US /ˌtæzˈmeɪniən/

of or relating to Tasmania

From this reading “There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.”

uphold verb US /əpˈhoʊld/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading “I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at home preposition + noun

a reception held in your own home

In this reading “I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.”

participate in verb + particle

In this reading “I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.”

civil life adjective + noun

In this reading “There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.”

come down verb + adjective

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

In this reading “THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.”

stayed at verb + particle counted as “stay at”

reside temporarily

In this reading “I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.”

Great War adjective + noun

a war between the allies (Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, United States, Japan, Rumania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria) from 1914 to 1918

In this reading “I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!

AdelaidenounUS /ˈædəleɪd/

the state capital of South Australia

From this reading Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.

aeroplanenoun

an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

AnniversarynounUS /ˌænəˈvɜːrsəri/

the date on which an event occurred in some previous year (or the celebration of it)

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!

ArmisticenounUS /ˈɑːrməstəs/

a state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss peace terms

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

AsiaticnounUS /ˌeɪʒiˈætɪk/

a native or inhabitant of Asia

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

AustraliannounUS /ɔːˈstreɪljən/

a native or inhabitant of Australia

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

Bijar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

civiladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

conceptionnounUS /kənˈsepʃən/

an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

ContinentnounUS /ˈkɑːntənənt/

one of the large landmasses of the earth

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

cornernounUS /ˈkɔːrnər/

a place off to the side of an area

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

DealingnounUS /ˈdiːlɪŋ/

method or manner of conduct in relation to others

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

defendersnounUS /dɪˈfendərz/

plural of “defender” — a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

embarrassingadjectiveUS /ɪmˈberəsɪŋ/

hard to deal with; especially causing pain or embarrassment

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

EmpirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

ENDnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

FarewellnounUS /ˌferˈwel/

an acknowledgment or expression of goodwill at parting

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

farmernounUS /ˈfɑːrmər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

fenceverbUS /fens/

enclose with a fence

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

helpedverbUS /helpt/

past form of “help” — give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

Hooper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

Hossain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

HOSTILITIESnounUS /hɑːˈstɪlətiz/

fighting; acts of overt warfare

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

KurdishnounUS /ˈkɜːrdɪʃ/

an Iranian language spoken in Turkey and Iran and Iraq and Syria and Russia

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

little-knownadjective

unknown to most people

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

LocaladjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

MartyrnounUS /ˈmɑːrtər/

one who suffers for the sake of principle

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

NewsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

participateverbUS /pɑːrˈtɪsəpeɪt/

share in something

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

PrestigenounUS /preˈstiːʒ/

a high standing achieved through success or influence or wealth etc.

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

prisonersnounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

pushverbUS /pʊʃ/

move with force

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

raidersnounUS /ˈreɪdərz/

plural of “raider” — someone who takes spoils or plunder (as in war)

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

randomadjectiveUS /ˈrændəm/

lacking any definite plan or order or purpose; governed by or depending on chance

From this reading Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

ReleasingadjectiveUS /riˈliːsɪŋ/

emotionally purging (of e.g. art)

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

reluctancenounUS /rɪˈlʌktəns/

(physics) opposition to magnetic flux (analogous to electric resistance)

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

remoteadjectiveUS /rɪˈmoʊt/

located far away spatially

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

RhodesnounUS /roʊdz/

British colonial financier and statesman in South Africa

From this reading Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.

rock-girt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

ScholarnounUS /ˈskɒl.ər/

A specialist in a particular branch of study; a distinguished student.

From this reading Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

stayedverbUS /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!

TasmanianadjectiveUS /ˌtæzˈmeɪniən/

of or relating to Tasmania

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Here, then, are a few of them taken at random!

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

TypesnounUS /taɪps/

plural of “type” — a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

UniversitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.

upholdverbUS /əpˈhoʊld/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

varyingadjectiveUS /ˈveriɪŋ/

marked by diversity or difference

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was Hooper, an Australian Captain, who in civil life was a farmer on a rock-girt island off the Tasmanian coast, and had been through more than one big push in France.

waverers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

WilliamsnounUS /ˈwɪljəmz/

United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)

From this reading Williams, also an Australian officer, was a Rhodes Scholar from the University of Adelaide.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE END OF HOSTILITIES Types of Empire defenders--Local feeling--Dealing with Kurdish raiders--An embarrassing offer of marriage--Prestige by aeroplane--Anniversary of Hossain the Martyr--News of the Armistice--Local waverers come down on our side of the fence--Releasing civil prisoners--Farewell of Bijar--Down country to the sea and home.

wonderedverbUS /ˈwʌndərd/

past form of “wonder” — have a wish or desire to know something

From this reading I have often wondered if the British who stayed at home, through force of circumstances rather than any reluctance to participate in the Great War, can have had any conception of the varying types of men who helped to uphold British interests in this remote and little-known corner of the Asiatic Continent.

Chapter 21 of With the Persian Expedition by Martin Henry Donohoe holds 410 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of With the Persian Expedition contain?

Chapter 21 holds 410 sentences of With the Persian Expedition, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of With the Persian Expedition by Martin Henry Donohoe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 410 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of With the Persian Expedition?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading With the Persian Expedition

Common questions about reading With the Persian Expedition by Martin Henry Donohoe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of With the Persian Expedition?

Yes. All 2530 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #63224 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of With the Persian Expedition is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #63224, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does With the Persian Expedition take to read?

About 210 minutes of reading across 506 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through With the Persian Expedition section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in With the Persian Expedition

Words and structures a reader meets early in With the Persian Expedition, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Concluding
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With the Persian Expedition; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With the Persian Expedition; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lives
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With the Persian Expedition; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With the Persian Expedition; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.