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Witness for the Defence
Witness for the Defence

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Witness for the Defence is here in full — 296 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Witness for the Defence
Context Illustration Reading 1/59 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.
They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.
But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.
Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.
He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Witness for the Defence

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Witness for the Defence is here in full — 296 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/59 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.
Line 2
They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.
Line 3
But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.
/bʌt ɪn ðə ˈklʌstər ʌv ˈhaʊsəz ə maɪl əˈweɪ æt ðə end ʌv ðə diːp leɪn ðə keɪs wɑːz ˈdɪfərənt/
Line 4
Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.
Line 5
He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.
/hiː naʊ lɪvd ɪn ðə bɪɡ haʊs tuː wɪtʃ ðə ˈvɪlədʒ oʊd ɪts neɪm ənd ˌɪnˈdiːd ɪts eɡˈzɪstəns/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

changes noun US /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading “THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.”

cluster verb US /ˈklʌstər/

come together as in a cluster or flock

From this reading “But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.”

obvious adjective US /ˈɑːbviəs/

easily perceived by the senses or grasped by the mind

From this reading “THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.”

owed verb US /oʊd/

past form of “owe” — be obliged to pay or repay

From this reading “He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.”

roads noun US /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading “They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.”

Stella's noun US /ˈsteləz/

possessive form of “stella” — United States minimalist painter (born in 1936)

From this reading “THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.”

symbolize verb US /ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/

express indirectly by an image, form, or model; be a symbol

From this reading “They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.”

tarmac noun US /ˈtɑːrmæk/

a paving material of tar and broken stone; mixed in a factory and shaped during paving

From this reading “They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

Beeding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

clusterverbUS /ˈklʌstər/

come together as in a cluster or flock

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

Harold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.

Hazlewood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.

HAZLEWOODS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

lanenounUS /leɪn/

a narrow way or road

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading But in the cluster of houses a mile away at the end of the deep lane the case was different.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

obviousadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbviəs/

easily perceived by the senses or grasped by the mind

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

owedverbUS /oʊd/

past form of “owe” — be obliged to pay or repay

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

sentencenounUS /ˈsentəns/

a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

Stella'snounUS /ˈsteləz/

possessive form of “stella” — United States minimalist painter (born in 1936)

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

symbolizeverbUS /ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/

express indirectly by an image, form, or model; be a symbol

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

tarmacnounUS /ˈtɑːrmæk/

a paving material of tar and broken stone; mixed in a factory and shaped during paving

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Mr. Harold Hazlewood had come to Little Beeding.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were not changes of importance, however, and one sentence can symbolize them all--there was now tarmac upon its roads.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He now lived in the big house to which the village owed its name and indeed its existence.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading THE HAZLEWOODS In the quiet country town obvious changes had taken place during the eight years of Stella's absence.

Chapter 13 of Witness for the Defence by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason holds 296 sentences, grouped into 60 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Witness for the Defence contain?

Chapter 13 holds 296 sentences of Witness for the Defence, unabridged, divided into 60 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Witness for the Defence by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 296 sentences, grouped into 60 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Witness for the Defence?

Work through the 60 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 60 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Witness for the Defence

Common questions about reading Witness for the Defence by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Witness for the Defence?

Yes. All 5912 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12535 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Witness for the Defence is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12535, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Witness for the Defence take to read?

About 492 minutes of reading across 1183 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Witness for the Defence section by section

How to work through Witness for the Defence section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of Witness for the Defence to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Witness for the Defence

Words and structures a reader meets early in Witness for the Defence, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Bignor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Witness for the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Riding
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Witness for the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Along
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Witness for the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
South
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Witness for the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.