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Wives and Daughters
Wives and Daughters

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Wives and Daughters is here in full — 287 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.
At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.
Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.
Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.
She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wives and Daughters

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Wives and Daughters is here in full — 287 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.
/ə ˈnɑːvəs əˈmʌŋst ðə ɡreɪt foʊk/
Line 2
At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.
/æt ten əˈklɑːk ɑːn ðə ɪˈventfəl ˈθɜːrzdeɪ ðə ˈtaʊərz ˈkærɪdʒ bɪˈɡæn ɪts wɜːrk/
Line 3
Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.
Line 4
Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.
Line 5
She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.
/ʃiː hæd ɑːn ə blæk moʊd kloʊk ðæt hæd bɪn hɜːr ˈmʌðərz ɪt wɑːz trɪmd raʊnd wɪð rɪtʃ leɪs ənd lʊkt kweɪnt ənd ˌoʊldˈfæʃənd ɑːn ðə tʃaɪld/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

brilliantly adverb US /ˈbrɪljəntli/

with brightness

From this reading “Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.”

eventful adjective US /ɪˈventfəl/

full of events or incidents

From this reading “At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.”

frills noun US /frɪlz/

plural of “frill” — (paleontology) a bony plate that curves upward behind the skull of many ceratopsian dinosaurs

From this reading “Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.”

frock noun US /frɑːk/

a long, loose outer garment

From this reading “Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.”

novice noun US /ˈnɑːvəs/

someone who has entered a religious order but has not taken final vows

From this reading “A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.”

ribbons noun US /ˈrɪbənz/

plural of “ribbon” — any long object resembling a thin line

From this reading “Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.”

scrubbed adjective US /skrʌbd/

made clean by scrubbing

From this reading “Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.”

trimmed adjective US /trɪmd/

made neat and tidy by trimming

From this reading “She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

AMONGSTprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋst/

surrounded by; in the company of

From this reading A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

brilliantlyadverbUS /ˈbrɪljəntli/

with brightness

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

Brownings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

cleanadjectiveUS /kliːn/

free from dirt or impurities; or having clean habits

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

cloaknounUS /kloʊk/

anything that covers or conceals

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

eventfuladjectiveUS /ɪˈventfəl/

full of events or incidents

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

FOLKnounUS /foʊk/

people in general (often used in the plural)

From this reading A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.

fourthnounUS /fɔːrθ/

following the third position; number four in a countable series

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

frillsnounUS /frɪlz/

plural of “frill” — (paleontology) a bony plate that curves upward behind the skull of many ceratopsian dinosaurs

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

frocknounUS /frɑːk/

a long, loose outer garment

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

GREATadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

HerdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

laceverbUS /leɪs/

spin, wind, or twist together

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

modenounUS /moʊd/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

MollynounUS /ˈmɑːli/

popular aquarium fish

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

mother'snounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

possessive form of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

NOVICEnounUS /ˈnɑːvəs/

someone who has entered a religious order but has not taken final vows

From this reading A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

old-fashionedadjectiveUS /ˌoʊldˈfæʃənd/

out of fashion

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

quaintadjectiveUS /kweɪnt/

strange in an interesting or pleasing way

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

ribbonsnounUS /ˈrɪbənz/

plural of “ribbon” — any long object resembling a thin line

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

scrubbedadjectiveUS /skrʌbd/

made clean by scrubbing

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

shoneverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

snow-whiteadjective

of the white color of snow

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

soaped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her face had been soaped, scrubbed, and shone brilliantly clean; her frills, her frock, her ribbons were all snow-white.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A NOVICE AMONGST THE GREAT FOLK.

ThursdaynounUS /ˈθɜːrzdeɪ/

the fifth day of the week; the fourth working day

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

TowersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

trimmedadjectiveUS /trɪmd/

made neat and tidy by trimming

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Molly was ready long before it made its first appearance, although it had been settled that she and the Miss Brownings were not to go until the last, or fourth, time of its coming.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading She had on a black mode cloak that had been her mother's; it was trimmed round with rich lace, and looked quaint and old-fashioned on the child.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading At ten o'clock on the eventful Thursday the Towers' carriage began its work.

Chapter 1 of Wives and Daughters by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell holds 287 sentences, grouped into 58 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Wives and Daughters contain?

Chapter 1 holds 287 sentences of Wives and Daughters, unabridged, divided into 58 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Wives and Daughters by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 287 sentences, grouped into 58 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Wives and Daughters?

Work through the 58 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 58 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wives and Daughters

Common questions about reading Wives and Daughters by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wives and Daughters?

Yes. All 13290 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4274 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wives and Daughters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4274, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 2658 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Wives and Daughters

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wives and Daughters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Novice
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Daughters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amongst
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Daughters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Daughters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
O'clock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Daughters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.