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Wives and Daughters
Wives and Daughters

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Wives and Daughters is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wives and Daughters
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PREPARING FOR THE WEDDING.
Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.
Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.
He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.
His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wives and Daughters

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Wives and Daughters is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PREPARING FOR THE WEDDING.
/priˈperɪŋ fɔːr ðə ˈwedɪŋ/
Line 2
Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.
Line 3
Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.
Line 4
He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.
/hiː tuː siːmd tuː θɪŋk hiː hæd ˈteɪkən æn ˈæktɪv pɑːrt ɪn ˈbrɪŋɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə mætʃ baɪ ˈoʊnli ˈspiːkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt/
Line 5
His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

active adjective US /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading “He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.”

glee noun US /ɡliː/

great merriment

From this reading “Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.”

middle-aged adjective US /ˈmɪdəleɪɡd/

being roughly between 45 and 65 years old

From this reading “Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.”

preparing verb US /priˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading “PREPARING FOR THE WEDDING.”

prosaic adjective US /proʊˈzeɪɪk/

not fanciful or imaginative

From this reading “Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.”

prospering adjective US /ˈprɑːspərɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading “Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.”

Towers noun US /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading “Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.”

wedding noun US /ˈwedɪŋ/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading “PREPARING FOR THE WEDDING.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

bringingnounUS /ˈbrɪŋɪŋ/

the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail)

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

couplenounUS /ˈkʌpəl/

a pair who associate with one another

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

Cumnor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

dulladjectiveUS /dʌl/

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

FORprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading PREPARING FOR THE WEDDING.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

gleenounUS /ɡliː/

great merriment

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

likedadjectiveUS /laɪkt/

found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

love-affairs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

matchverbUS /mætʃ/

be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

MeanwhileadverbUS /ˈmiːnwaɪl/

at the same time but in another place

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

middle-agedadjectiveUS /ˈmɪdəleɪɡd/

being roughly between 45 and 65 years old

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

PREPARINGverbUS /priˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading PREPARING FOR THE WEDDING.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

prosaicadjectiveUS /proʊˈzeɪɪk/

not fanciful or imaginative

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

prosperingadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːspərɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading PREPARING FOR THE WEDDING.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading He, too, seemed to think he had taken an active part in bringing about the match by only speaking about it.

TowersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

WEDDINGnounUS /ˈwedɪŋ/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading PREPARING FOR THE WEDDING.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Lord Cumnor had come down in great glee at the news he had heard from his wife at the Towers.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading His first words on the subject to Lady Cumnor were,-- "I told you so.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading Meanwhile the love-affairs between the middle-aged couple were prospering well, after a fashion; after the fashion that they liked best, although it might probably have appeared dull and prosaic to younger people.

Chapter 8 of Wives and Daughters by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell holds 412 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Wives and Daughters contain?

Chapter 8 holds 412 sentences of Wives and Daughters, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Wives and Daughters by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 412 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Wives and Daughters?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wives and Daughters

Common questions about reading Wives and Daughters by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wives and Daughters?

Yes. All 13290 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4274 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wives and Daughters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4274, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wives and Daughters take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2658 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wives and Daughters section by section

How to work through Wives and Daughters section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Wives and Daughters to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wives and Daughters

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wives and Daughters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Novice
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Daughters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amongst
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Daughters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Daughters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
O'clock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Daughters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.