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Wives and Widows
Wives and Widows

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Wives and Widows is here in full — 166 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wives and Widows
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.
Words enclosed in _'s are indicated as ITALIC TYPE.
[Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.
[Symbol: Left] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the left.
Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.
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Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wives and Widows

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Wives and Widows is here in full — 166 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.
Line 2
Words enclosed in _'s are indicated as ITALIC TYPE.
/wɜːrdz enˈkloʊzd ɪn es ɑːr ˈɪndəkeɪtəd æz aɪˈtælɪk taɪp/
Line 3
[Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.
/ˈsɪmbəl raɪt ˈɪndɪkeɪts ə smɔːl ˈɪləstreɪtəd hænd ˈpɔɪntɪŋ təˈwɔːrdz ðə raɪt/
Line 4
[Symbol: Left] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the left.
/ˈsɪmbəl left ˈɪndɪkeɪts ə smɔːl ˈɪləstreɪtəd hænd ˈpɔɪntɪŋ təˈwɔːrdz ðə left/
Line 5
Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.
/əˈdɪʃənəl noʊts meɪ biː faʊnd æt ðə end ʌv ðə tekst/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Additional adjective US /əˈdɪʃənəl/

further or added

From this reading “Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.”

enclosed adjective US /enˈkloʊzd/

closed in or surrounded or included within

From this reading “Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.”

illustrated verb US /ˈɪləstreɪtəd/

past form of “illustrate” — clarify by giving an example of

From this reading “[Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.”

indicated verb US /ˈɪndəkeɪtəd/

past form of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading “Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.”

indicates verb US /ˈɪndɪkeɪts/

third-person singular of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading “[Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.”

italic noun US /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading “Words enclosed in _'s are indicated as ITALIC TYPE.”

Symbol noun US /ˈsɪmbəl/

an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance

From this reading “[Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.”

text noun US /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading “Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.”

All words in this reading · 30

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

AdditionaladjectiveUS /əˈdɪʃənəl/

further or added

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

BOLD-FACED

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

enclosedadjectiveUS /enˈkloʊzd/

closed in or surrounded or included within

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

illustratedverbUS /ˈɪləstreɪtəd/

past form of “illustrate” — clarify by giving an example of

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

indicatedverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪtəd/

past form of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

indicatesverbUS /ˈɪndɪkeɪts/

third-person singular of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

ITALICnounUS /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Words enclosed in _'s are indicated as ITALIC TYPE.

LeftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading [Symbol: Left] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the left.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

pointingverbUS /ˈpɔɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “point” — indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

RightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

snounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

SymbolnounUS /ˈsɪmbəl/

an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Additional notes may be found at the end of the text.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading [Symbol: Right] indicates a small illustrated hand pointing towards the right.

TYPEnounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

WordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading Words enclosed in ='s are indicated as BOLD-FACED TYPE.

Chapter 1 of Wives and Widows by Ann S. (Ann Sophia) Stephens holds 166 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Wives and Widows contain?

Chapter 1 holds 166 sentences of Wives and Widows, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Wives and Widows by Ann S. (Ann Sophia) Stephens exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 166 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Wives and Widows?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wives and Widows

Common questions about reading Wives and Widows by Ann S. (Ann Sophia) Stephens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wives and Widows?

Yes. All 7751 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36374 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wives and Widows is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36374, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wives and Widows take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1551 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wives and Widows section by section

How to work through Wives and Widows section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Wives and Widows to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wives and Widows

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wives and Widows, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Words
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Widows; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enclosed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Widows; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Indicated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Widows; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bold-faced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wives and Widows; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.