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Wulf the Saxon
Wulf the Saxon

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Wulf the Saxon is here in full — 254 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/50 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HASTINGS.
The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.
The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.
We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.
Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wulf the Saxon

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Wulf the Saxon is here in full — 254 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/50 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HASTINGS.
/ˈheɪstɪŋz/
Line 2
The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.
Line 3
The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.
Line 4
We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.
Line 5
Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

damaging adjective US /ˈdæmɪdʒɪŋ/

(sometimes followed by “to”) causing harm or injury

From this reading “The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.”

ditches noun US /ˈdɪtʃəz/

plural of “ditch” — a long narrow excavation in the earth

From this reading “The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.”

erecting noun US /ɪˈrektɪŋ/

the act of building or putting up

From this reading “The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.”

falsehoods noun US /ˈfælshʊdz/

plural of “falsehood” — a false statement

From this reading “The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.”

feasting noun US /ˈfiːstɪŋ/

eating an elaborate meal (often accompanied by entertainment)

From this reading “The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.”

historians noun US /hɪˈstɔːriənz/

plural of “historian” — a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading “The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.”

palisades noun US /ˌpælɪˈseɪdz/

plural of “palisade” — fortification consisting of a strong fence made of stakes driven into the ground

From this reading “The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.”

palpably adverb US /ˈpælpəbli/

so as to be palpable

From this reading “The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

absurdadjectiveUS /əbˈsɜːrd/

inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

additionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

a component that is added to something to improve it

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

awaitedadjectiveUS /əˈweɪtɪd/

expected hopefully

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

damagingadjectiveUS /ˈdæmɪdʒɪŋ/

(sometimes followed by “to”) causing harm or injury

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

diggingnounUS /ˈdɪɡɪŋ/

the act of digging

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

disposedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspoʊzd/

having made preparations

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

ditchesnounUS /ˈdɪtʃəz/

plural of “ditch” — a long narrow excavation in the earth

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

dog-tiredadjective

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

erectingnounUS /ɪˈrektɪŋ/

the act of building or putting up

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

falsehoodsnounUS /ˈfælshʊdz/

plural of “falsehood” — a false statement

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

feastingnounUS /ˈfiːstɪŋ/

eating an elaborate meal (often accompanied by entertainment)

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

fictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

Harold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

HASTINGSnounUS /ˈheɪstɪŋz/

United States architect who formed and important architectural firm with John Merven Carrere (1860-1929)

From this reading HASTINGS.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

historiansnounUS /hɪˈstɔːriənz/

plural of “historian” — a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

incessantlyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsesəntli/

with unflagging resolve

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

inventedverbUS /ˌɪnˈventəd/

past form of “invent” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

labouredadjective

lacking natural ease

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

labours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

marchedverbUS /mɑːrtʃt/

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

NormannounUS /ˈnɔːrmən/

United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

Normans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

palisadesnounUS /ˌpælɪˈseɪdz/

plural of “palisade” — fortification consisting of a strong fence made of stakes driven into the ground

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

palpablyadverbUS /ˈpælpəbli/

so as to be palpable

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

prayernounUS /prer/

the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

precedingadjectiveUS /priˈsiːdɪŋ/

existing or coming before

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

prepareverbUS /priˈper/

make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

seventyadjectiveUS /ˈsevənti/

being ten more than sixty

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

sharedadjectiveUS /ʃerd/

have in common; held or experienced in common

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

thanes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The English army had marched nearly seventy miles in the course of two days, and had in addition laboured incessantly for many hours in erecting the palisades and in digging ditches.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The fiction of the Norman historians, that while the Normans passed the night preceding the battle in prayer, the English spent it in feasting, is even more palpably absurd than the many other falsehoods invented for the purpose of damaging the character of Harold.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading We may be sure that after two such days the great mass of the army lay down dog-tired directly their work was done, and slept till morning.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Harold and his thanes had shared in their labours, and knowing the terrible work that awaited them in the morning, would most surely be disposed to get as long a sleep as possible to prepare for it.

Chapter 20 of Wulf the Saxon by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 254 sentences, grouped into 51 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Wulf the Saxon contain?

Chapter 20 holds 254 sentences of Wulf the Saxon, unabridged, divided into 51 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Wulf the Saxon by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 254 sentences, grouped into 51 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Wulf the Saxon?

Work through the 51 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 51 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wulf the Saxon

Common questions about reading Wulf the Saxon by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wulf the Saxon?

Yes. All 5387 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8745 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wulf the Saxon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8745, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wulf the Saxon take to read?

About 448 minutes of reading across 1078 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wulf the Saxon section by section

How to work through Wulf the Saxon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Wulf the Saxon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wulf the Saxon

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wulf the Saxon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Country
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wulf the Saxon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wulf the Saxon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Depressed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wulf the Saxon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spirits
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wulf the Saxon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.