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Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan
Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan

Chapter XXXII

Chapter 32 of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan is here in full — 73 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.
One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.
His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.
These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.
To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan

Chapter XXXII

Chapter 32 of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan is here in full — 73 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.
Line 2
One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.
Line 3
His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.
Line 4
These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.
Line 5
To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

autocracy noun US /ɔːˈtɑːkrəsi/

a political system governed by a single individual

From this reading “Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.”

constituting verb US /ˈkɑːnstətuːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “constitute” — form or compose

From this reading “These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.”

defenses noun US /dɪˈfensəz/

plural of “defense” — (military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies

From this reading “His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.”

dissenting adjective US /dɪˈsentɪŋ/

disagreeing, especially with a majority

From this reading “His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.”

forewarned verb US /fɔːrˈwɔːrnd/

past form of “forewarn” — warn in advance or beforehand; give an early warning

From this reading “Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.”

matching adjective US /ˈmætʃɪŋ/

being two identical

From this reading “Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.”

materialized verb US /məˈtɪriəlaɪzd/

past form of “materialize” — come into being; become reality

From this reading “One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.”

samurai noun US /ˈsæmʊraɪ/

a Japanese warrior who was a member of the feudal military aristocracy

From this reading “These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

batter down verb + adjective

In this reading “His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.”

under the weight preposition + article + noun counted as “under … weight”

In this reading “Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.”

knew better verb + adjective counted as “know better”

In this reading “Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.”

All words in this reading · 146

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

assuredadjectiveUS /əˈʃʊrd/

marked by assurance; exhibiting confidence

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

attacknounUS /əˈtæk/

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

autocracynounUS /ɔːˈtɑːkrəsi/

a political system governed by a single individual

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

awaitingverbUS /əˈweɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “await” — look forward to the probable occurrence of

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

batterverbUS /ˈbætər/

strike against forcefully

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

besiegedadjectiveUS /bɪˈsiːdʒd/

surrounded by hostile forces

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

buildernounUS /ˈbɪldər/

a substance added to soaps or detergents to increase their cleansing action

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

ChristiansnounUS /ˈkrɪstʃənz/

plural of “christian” — a religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

constitutingverbUS /ˈkɑːnstətuːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “constitute” — form or compose

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

dangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

daredverbUS /derd/

past form of “dare” — take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

daylightnounUS /ˈdeɪlaɪt/

the time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

defeatnounUS /dɪˈfiːt/

an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

defensesnounUS /dɪˈfensəz/

plural of “defense” — (military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

defiancenounUS /dɪˈfaɪəns/

intentionally contemptuous behavior or attitude

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

delayverbUS /dɪˈleɪ/

cause to be slowed down or delayed

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

democracynounUS /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/

the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

devicesnounUS /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

disasternounUS /dɪˈzæstər/

a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

discloseverbUS /dɪˈskloʊz/

make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

dissentingadjectiveUS /dɪˈsentɪŋ/

disagreeing, especially with a majority

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

doggedlyadverbUS /ˈdɔːɡədli/

with obstinate determination

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

dominationnounUS /ˌdɑːməˈneɪʃən/

social control by dominating

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/

an abstract part of something

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

engagementnounUS /enˈɡeɪdʒmənt/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

engrafted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

executionnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

firmlyadverbUS /ˈfɜːrmli/

with resolute determination

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

flowernounUS /ˈflaʊər/

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

forewarnedverbUS /fɔːrˈwɔːrnd/

past form of “forewarn” — warn in advance or beforehand; give an early warning

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

futilitynounUS /fjuːˈtɪləti/

uselessness as a consequence of having no practical result

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

groanedverbUS /ɡroʊnd/

past form of “groan” — indicate pain, discomfort, or displeasure

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

gun-powder

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

Hidetada's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

Hideyoshi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

Ieyasu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

inadequateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnædəkwət/

lacking the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

inadvertentlyadverbUS /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtəntli/

without knowledge or intention

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

inconvenientlyadverb

in an inconvenient manner

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

insecurelyadverb

in a tentative and self-conscious manner

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

internaladjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɜːrnəl/

happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

Jokoin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

matchingadjectiveUS /ˈmætʃɪŋ/

being two identical

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

materializedverbUS /məˈtɪriəlaɪzd/

past form of “materialize” — come into being; become reality

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

meageradjectiveUS /ˈmiːɡər/

deficient in amount or quality or extent

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

midnightnounUS /ˈmɪdnaɪt/

12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

Ozaka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

plansnounUS /plænz/

plural of “plan” — a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

profferedverbUS /ˈprɑːfərd/

past form of “proffer” — present for acceptance or rejection

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

questionablyadverb

in a questionable and dubious manner

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

rawadjectiveUS /rɑː/

(used especially of commodities) being unprocessed or manufactured using only simple or minimal processes

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

recruitsnounUS /rəˈkruːts/

plural of “recruit” — a recently enlisted soldier

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

relyverbUS /rɪˈlaɪ/

have faith or confidence in

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

safelyadverbUS /ˈseɪfli/

with safety; in a safe manner

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

samurainounUS /ˈsæmʊraɪ/

a Japanese warrior who was a member of the feudal military aristocracy

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

smartadjectiveUS /smɑːrt/

showing mental alertness and calculation and resourcefulness

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading To do this, a midnight attack proffered an only hope--he must not disclose the fact, yet knew of his own knowledge that a daylight engagement meant disaster.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

Tokugawa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

Tokugawas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

waververbUS /ˈweɪvər/

pause or hold back in uncertainty or unwillingness

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

weakenverbUS /ˈwiːkən/

lessen the strength of

From this reading These he had placed as well as he could in the teeth of danger, not only to save his own meager samurai, and Hidetada's raw recruits, together constituting the heart and the flower of the Tokugawa, but to weaken no less, if possible, the besieged.

weakeningnounUS /ˈwiːkənɪŋ/

becoming weaker

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

weightnounUS /weɪt/

the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading One that had of necessity materialized doggedly, now found him inconveniently approaching the end of any real assured activity, then awaiting better, as he knew only too well, the internal weakening of a democracy engrafted firmly, if insecurely, by Hideyoshi, in the face of him.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

winverbUS /wɪn/

be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

would-beadjective

unfulfilled or frustrated in realizing an ambition

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Ieyasu groaned under the weight of their defeat; no one knew better than he the futility of matching defiance against gun-powder, and Jokoin had forewarned him, inadvertently let the secret out, yet the would-be builder of an intended autocracy dared not delay at all the execution of his plans.

Yodogima

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His own forces, the Tokugawas, upon whom he could rely, were inadequate to batter down the defenses round Ozaka, and Yodogima, with the Christians and their devices safely driven into her camp, required only the opportunity to win over a dissenting element; who had already begun to smart, if not waver, under his very questionably assumed domination.

Chapter 32 of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan by I. William Adams holds 73 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 32 of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan contain?

Chapter 32 holds 73 sentences of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 32 of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan by I. William Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 73 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 32 of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Yes. All 2871 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #62919 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #62919, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan take to read?

About 239 minutes of reading across 575 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan

Words and structures a reader meets early in Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shibusawa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Japan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Yodogima: In Feudalistic Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.