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Young Earnest
Young Earnest

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Young Earnest is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Young Earnest
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He pressed his lips together and mumbled.
René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.
René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.
It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.
Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Young Earnest

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Young Earnest is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He pressed his lips together and mumbled.
/hiː prest hɪz lɪps təˈɡeðər ənd ˈmʌmbəld/
Line 2
René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.
Line 3
René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.
Line 4
It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.
Line 5
Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.
/ˈθɜːrdiː laɪnz wɜːr ˈrɪtən ɑːn ðə bæk ʌv ðə ˈtaɪtəl peɪdʒ ʌv ə ˈkɑːpi ʌv ðə ˈsɪti ʌv ˈdredfəl naɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

envelopes noun US /ˈenvəloʊps/

plural of “envelope” — a flat (usually rectangular) container for a letter, thin package, etc.

From this reading “It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.”

mumbled verb US /ˈmʌmbəld/

past form of “mumble” — talk indistinctly; usually in a low voice

From this reading “He pressed his lips together and mumbled.”

nobly adverb US /ˈnɑːbli/

in a noble manner

From this reading “It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.”

pitifully adverb US /ˈpɪtɪfəli/

to a pitiful degree

From this reading “It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.”

shilling noun US /ˈʃɪlɪŋ/

the basic unit of money in Uganda; equal to 100 cents

From this reading “René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.”

shriveled adjective US /ˈʃrɪvəld/

(used especially of vegetation) having lost all moisture

From this reading “René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.”

spiky adjective US /ˈspaɪki/

having or as if having especially high-pitched spots

From this reading “It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.”

yellowing verb US /ˈjeloʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “yellow” — turn yellow

From this reading “It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

title page noun + noun

a page of a book displaying the title and author and publisher

In this reading “Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.”

went away verb + particle counted as “go away”

move away from a place into another direction

In this reading “René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.”

Dreadful Night adjective + noun

In this reading “Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.”

copy of verb + particle

In this reading “Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He pressed his lips together and mumbled.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

CitynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

copynounUS /ˈkɑːpi/

a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

DreadfuladjectiveUS /ˈdredfəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

envelopesnounUS /ˈenvəloʊps/

plural of “envelope” — a flat (usually rectangular) container for a letter, thin package, etc.

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

foolscapnoun

a size of paper used especially in Britain

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He pressed his lips together and mumbled.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He pressed his lips together and mumbled.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

hurtverbUS /hɜːrt/

be the source of pain

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

lipsnounUS /lɪps/

plural of “lip” — either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading He pressed his lips together and mumbled.

manuscriptnounUS /ˈmæn.jə.skrɪpt/

A book, document, or piece of music written by hand rather than typed or printed.

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

mumbledverbUS /ˈmʌmbəld/

past form of “mumble” — talk indistinctly; usually in a low voice

From this reading He pressed his lips together and mumbled.

NightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

noblyadverbUS /ˈnɑːbli/

in a noble manner

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

pagenounUS /peɪdʒ/

one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

pennynounUS /ˈpeni/

a fractional monetary unit of Ireland and the United Kingdom; equal to one hundredth of a pound

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

pitifullyadverbUS /ˈpɪtɪfəli/

to a pitiful degree

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

pressedadjectiveUS /prest/

compacted by ironing

From this reading He pressed his lips together and mumbled.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

René

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

sheetsnounUS /ʃiːts/

plural of “sheet” — any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

shillingnounUS /ˈʃɪlɪŋ/

the basic unit of money in Uganda; equal to 100 cents

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

shriveledadjectiveUS /ˈʃrɪvəld/

(used especially of vegetation) having lost all moisture

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

spikyadjectiveUS /ˈspaɪki/

having or as if having especially high-pitched spots

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading René kept the manuscript and read it during his off hours on the stands.

ThirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading He pressed his lips together and mumbled.

tornadjectiveUS /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

volumesnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading René asked him if he could do with a shilling, but he refused, seemed so hurt that he shriveled and went away.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Thirty lines were written on the back of the title page of a copy of _The City of Dreadful Night_.

yellowingverbUS /ˈjeloʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “yellow” — turn yellow

From this reading It began nobly on foolscap, in a bold, spiky hand, and ended pitifully on old envelopes and leaves torn out of penny account books or yellowing sheets from ancient volumes.

Chapter 11 of Young Earnest by Gilbert Cannan holds 411 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Young Earnest contain?

Chapter 11 holds 411 sentences of Young Earnest, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Young Earnest by Gilbert Cannan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 411 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Young Earnest?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Young Earnest

Common questions about reading Young Earnest by Gilbert Cannan on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Young Earnest?

Yes. All 7329 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48487 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Young Earnest is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48487, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Young Earnest take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1466 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Young Earnest section by section

How to work through Young Earnest section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Young Earnest to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Young Earnest

Words and structures a reader meets early in Young Earnest, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Earnest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Round
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Earnest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Corner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Earnest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Question
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Earnest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.