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Young Folks' History of England
Young Folks' History of England

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Young Folks' History of England is here in full — 36 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
STEPHEN.
A.D.
1135--1154.
Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.
So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Young Folks' History of England

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Young Folks' History of England is here in full — 36 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
STEPHEN.
/ˈstiːvən/
Line 2
A.D.
Line 3
1135--1154.
Line 4
Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.
Line 5
So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Conqueror noun US /ˈkɑːŋkərər/

someone who is victorious by force of arms

From this reading “So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.”

disagreeable adjective US /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbəl/

not to your liking

From this reading “Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.”

Empress noun US /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading “Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.”

everyone pronoun US /ˈevriwʌn/

every person

From this reading “So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.”

obtain verb US /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading “So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.”

promising adjective US /ˈprɑːməsɪŋ/

showing possibility of achievement or excellence

From this reading “So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.”

ruled adjective US /ruːld/

subject to a ruling authority

From this reading “Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.”

stephen noun US /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading “STEPHEN.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1135

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1135--1154.

1154

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1135--1154.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A.D.

Adela

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

Blois

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

ConquerornounUS /ˈkɑːŋkərər/

someone who is victorious by force of arms

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

cousinnounUS /ˈkʌzən/

the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

DnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading A.D.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

disagreeableadjectiveUS /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbəl/

not to your liking

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

EmpressnounUS /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

everyonepronounUS /ˈevriwʌn/

every person

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

ill-temperedadjective

annoyed and irritable

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

likedadjectiveUS /laɪkt/

found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

Maude

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

NeitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

nobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

Normans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

promisingadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːməsɪŋ/

showing possibility of achievement or excellence

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

ruledadjectiveUS /ruːld/

subject to a ruling authority

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

STEPHENnounUS /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading STEPHEN.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading So her cousin, Stephen de Blois--whose mother, Adela, had been daughter of William the Conqueror --thought to obtain the crown of England by promising to give everyone what they wished.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Neither English nor Normans had ever been ruled by a woman, and the Empress Maude, as she still called herself, was a proud, disagreeable, ill-tempered woman, whom nobody liked.

Chapter 8 of Young Folks' History of England by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge holds 36 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Young Folks' History of England contain?

Chapter 8 holds 36 sentences of Young Folks' History of England, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Young Folks' History of England by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 36 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Young Folks' History of England?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Young Folks' History of England

Common questions about reading Young Folks' History of England by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Young Folks' History of England?

Yes. All 1899 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4769 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Young Folks' History of England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4769, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Young Folks' History of England take to read?

About 158 minutes of reading across 380 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Young Folks' History of England section by section

How to work through Young Folks' History of England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Young Folks' History of England to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Young Folks' History of England

Words and structures a reader meets early in Young Folks' History of England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Julius
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Caesar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nearly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thousand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.