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Young Folks' History of Rome
Young Folks' History of Rome

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Young Folks' History of Rome is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
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THE DEVOTION OF DECIUS.
B.C.
357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.
Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.
In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Young Folks' History of Rome

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Young Folks' History of Rome is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DEVOTION OF DECIUS.
Line 2
B.C.
Line 3
357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.
Line 4
Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.
/weˈnevər ðeɪ keɪm ˌɪnˈsted ʌv ˈtʃuːzɪŋ men frʌm ðə traɪbz tuː fɔːrm æn ˈɑːrmi æz ɪn ə wɔːr wɪð ðer ˈneɪbərz ɔːl ðə ˈfaɪtɪŋ men ʌv ðə ˈneɪʃən tɜːrnd aʊt tuː əˈpoʊz ðem ˈdʒenərəli ˈʌndər ə dɪkˈteɪtər/
Line 5
In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

choosing verb US /ˈtʃuːzɪŋ/

-ing form of “choose” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading “Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.”

Dictator noun US /dɪkˈteɪtər/

a speaker who dictates to a secretary or a recording machine

From this reading “Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.”

encamped verb US /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading “In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.”

Gauls noun US /ɡɔːlz/

plural of “gaul” — a person of French descent

From this reading “357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.”

hosts noun US /hoʊsts/

plural of “host” — a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there

From this reading “In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.”

inroads noun US /ˈɪnroʊdz/

plural of “inroad” — an encroachment or intrusion

From this reading “357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.”

oppose verb US /əˈpoʊz/

be against; express opposition to

From this reading “Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.”

Tiber noun US /ˈtaɪbər/

a river of central Italy; flows through Rome to the Tyrrhenian Sea

From this reading “357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

357

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

Anio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading B.C.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

bridgenounUS /brɪdʒ/

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading B.C.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

choosingverbUS /ˈtʃuːzɪŋ/

-ing form of “choose” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

DECIUSnoun

Emperor of Rome who was proclaimed emperor against his will; his reign was notable for his severe persecution of Christians (201-251)

From this reading THE DEVOTION OF DECIUS.

DEVOTIONnounUS /dɪˈvoʊʃən/

feelings of ardent love

From this reading THE DEVOTION OF DECIUS.

DictatornounUS /dɪkˈteɪtər/

a speaker who dictates to a secretary or a recording machine

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

encampedverbUS /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

failverbUS /feɪl/

fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

fightingnounUS /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

GaulsnounUS /ɡɔːlz/

plural of “gaul” — a person of French descent

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

hostsnounUS /hoʊsts/

plural of “host” — a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

inroadsnounUS /ˈɪnroʊdz/

plural of “inroad” — an encroachment or intrusion

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

neighborsnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbor” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE DEVOTION OF DECIUS.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

opposeverbUS /əˈpoʊz/

be against; express opposition to

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

OtheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DEVOTION OF DECIUS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

TibernounUS /ˈtaɪbər/

a river of central Italy; flows through Rome to the Tyrrhenian Sea

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

valleysnounUS /ˈvæliz/

plural of “valley” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading 357 Other tribes of the Gauls did not fail to come again and make fresh inroads on the valleys of the Tiber and Anio.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

warsnounUS /wɔːrz/

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

WheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Whenever they came, instead of choosing men from the tribes to form an army, as in a war with their neighbors, all the fighting men of the nation turned out to oppose them, generally under a Dictator.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading In one of these wars the Gauls came within three miles of Rome, and the two hosts were encamped on the banks of the Anio, with a bridge between them.

Chapter 12 of Young Folks' History of Rome by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Young Folks' History of Rome contain?

Chapter 12 holds 43 sentences of Young Folks' History of Rome, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Young Folks' History of Rome by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Young Folks' History of Rome?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Young Folks' History of Rome

Common questions about reading Young Folks' History of Rome by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Young Folks' History of Rome?

Yes. All 1994 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16667 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Young Folks' History of Rome is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16667, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Young Folks' History of Rome take to read?

About 166 minutes of reading across 399 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Young Folks' History of Rome section by section

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Vocabulary met early in Young Folks' History of Rome

Words and structures a reader meets early in Young Folks' History of Rome, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Famous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.