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Young Folks' History of Rome
Young Folks' History of Rome

Chapter XXVII · Chapter 27

Chapter 27 of Young Folks' History of Rome is here in full — 39 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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TIBERIUS AND CALIGULA.
A.D.
14--41.
No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.
The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Young Folks' History of Rome

Chapter XXVII · Chapter 27

Chapter 27 of Young Folks' History of Rome is here in full — 39 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TIBERIUS AND CALIGULA.
Line 2
A.D.
Line 3
14--41.
Line 4
No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.
Line 5
The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.
/ðə ˈsenət hæd ɡroʊn tuː ˈhelpləs tuː θɪŋk fɔːr ðemˈselvz ənd ɔːl ðə tʃɔɪs ðeɪ ˈevər meɪd ʌv ðə ˈkɑːnsəlz wɑːz ðæt ðə ˈempərər ɡeɪv aʊt fɔːr neɪmz əˈmʌŋ wɪtʃ ðeɪ tʃoʊz tuː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Augustus noun US /ɑːˈɡʌstəs/

Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC; defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC at Actium (63 BC - AD 14)

From this reading “No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.”

Caesar noun US /ˈsiːzər/

conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading “No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.”

Claudius noun US /ˈklɔːdiəs/

Roman Emperor after his nephew Caligula was murdered; consolidated the Roman Empire and conquered southern Britain; was poisoned by his fourth wife Agrippina after her son Nero was named as Claudius' heir (10 BC to AD 54)

From this reading “No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.”

consuls noun US /ˈkɑːnsəlz/

plural of “consul” — a diplomat appointed by a government to protect its commercial interests and help its citizens in a foreign country

From this reading “The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.”

helpless adjective US /ˈhelpləs/

lacking in or deprived of strength or power

From this reading “The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.”

Nero noun US /ˈnɪroʊ/

Roman Emperor notorious for his monstrous vice and fantastic luxury (was said to have started a fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64) but the Roman Empire remained prosperous during his rule (37-68)

From this reading “No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.”

Senate noun US /ˈsenət/

assembly possessing high legislative powers

From this reading “The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.”

stepson noun US /ˈstepsʌn/

the son your spouse by a former marriage

From this reading “No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

14

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14--41.

41

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14--41.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A.D.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading TIBERIUS AND CALIGULA.

AugustusnounUS /ɑːˈɡʌstəs/

Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC; defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC at Actium (63 BC - AD 14)

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

CaesarnounUS /ˈsiːzər/

conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

CALIGULAnoun

Roman Emperor who succeeded Tiberius and whose uncontrolled passions resulted in manifest insanity; noted for his cruelty and tyranny; was assassinated (12-41)

From this reading TIBERIUS AND CALIGULA.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

choicenounUS /tʃɔɪs/

the person or thing chosen or selected

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

choseverbUS /tʃoʊz/

inflected form of “choose” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

ClaudiusnounUS /ˈklɔːdiəs/

Roman Emperor after his nephew Caligula was murdered; consolidated the Roman Empire and conquered southern Britain; was poisoned by his fourth wife Agrippina after her son Nero was named as Claudius' heir (10 BC to AD 54)

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

consulsnounUS /ˈkɑːnsəlz/

plural of “consul” — a diplomat appointed by a government to protect its commercial interests and help its citizens in a foreign country

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

DnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading A.D.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

helplessadjectiveUS /ˈhelpləs/

lacking in or deprived of strength or power

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

Julius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

NeronounUS /ˈnɪroʊ/

Roman Emperor notorious for his monstrous vice and fantastic luxury (was said to have started a fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64) but the Roman Empire remained prosperous during his rule (37-68)

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

SenatenounUS /ˈsenət/

assembly possessing high legislative powers

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

stepsonnounUS /ˈstepsʌn/

the son your spouse by a former marriage

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

TIBERIUSnoun

son-in-law of Augustus who became a suspicious tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career (42 BC to AD 37)

From this reading TIBERIUS AND CALIGULA.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Senate had grown too helpless to think for themselves, and all the choice they ever made of the consuls was that the Emperor gave out four names, among which they chose two.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading No difficulty was made about giving all the powers Augustus had held to his stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who had also a right to the names of Julius Caesar Augustus, and was in his own time generally called Caesar.

Chapter 27 of Young Folks' History of Rome by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge holds 39 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 27 of Young Folks' History of Rome contain?

Chapter 27 holds 39 sentences of Young Folks' History of Rome, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 27 of Young Folks' History of Rome by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 39 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 27 of Young Folks' History of Rome?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 27 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 27 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Young Folks' History of Rome

Common questions about reading Young Folks' History of Rome by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Young Folks' History of Rome?

Yes. All 1994 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16667 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Young Folks' History of Rome is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16667, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Young Folks' History of Rome take to read?

About 166 minutes of reading across 399 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Young Folks' History of Rome section by section

How to work through Young Folks' History of Rome section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Young Folks' History of Rome to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Young Folks' History of Rome

Words and structures a reader meets early in Young Folks' History of Rome, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Famous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Young Folks' History of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.