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Youth Challenges
Youth Challenges

Chapter XXI

Cover illustration for Youth Challenges
Context Illustration Reading 1/60 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.
Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.
In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.
Time had hung heavily on his hands.
He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Youth Challenges

Chapter XXI

Reading 1/60 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.
Line 2
Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.
Line 3
In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.
Line 4
Time had hung heavily on his hands.
Line 5
He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.”

Except preposition US /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading “He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.”

Hands plural noun US /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading “Time had hung heavily on his hands.”

Heir noun US /er/

A person legally or magically entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death.

From this reading “In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Time had hung heavily on his hands.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

abundant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

actual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

affairs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

allowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

apparent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.

automatic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

Bonbright

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

box

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

business

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

cast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

dialogue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

experience

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

Foote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.

foreign

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

handsplural nounUS /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading Time had hung heavily on his hands.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

heavily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Time had hung heavily on his hands.

heirnounUS /er/

A person legally or magically entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death.

From this reading In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

hung

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Time had hung heavily on his hands.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

Incorporated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.

interpreter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

language

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

lines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

machine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

member

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

Now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Time had hung heavily on his hands.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

participate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

participates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

play

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

position

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.

rubber

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

seat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

stamp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not been allowed to participate in actual affairs except as some automatic machine or rubber stamp participates.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

TimenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Time had hung heavily on his hands.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

translate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

unhappy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his old position as heir apparent to Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, he had been unhappy.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now he found himself a member of the cast; very much a member, with abundant lines and business.

watching

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Bonbright, in his business experience, had been like a man watching a play in a foreign language, from a box seat--with an interpreter to translate the dialogue.