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Youth Challenges
Youth Challenges

Chapter XXIII

Cover illustration for Youth Challenges
Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.
On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.
There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.
This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.
Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Youth Challenges

Chapter XXIII

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.
Line 2
On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.
Line 3
There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.
Line 4
This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.
Line 5
Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.”

Another noun US /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.”

Art auxiliary verb US /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading “This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.”

Several noun US /ˈseveral/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.”

Something pronoun US /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading “On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.”

Thought noun US /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.”

Went noun US /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

ability

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

AnothernounUS /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

appeared

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

article

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

Benvenuto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

Bonbright

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

car

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

castings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

Cellini

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

cow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

deal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

department

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

dependable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

element

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

enamels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

facts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

gray

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

hickory

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

interesting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

iron

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

knew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

knowledge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

layman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

leather

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

lovingly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

motor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

paints

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

reservoir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

rubber

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

several

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

sides

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

specialist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

specialists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonbright found himself a layman in a department of specialists.

spokes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

talked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

There

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This man had the ability to make leather as interesting as the art of Benvenuto Cellini.

thoughtnounUS /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Another was a specialist in hickory, and thought and talked spokes; another was a reservoir of dependable facts about rubber; another about gray iron castings; another about paints and enamels, and so on.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

upholstery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was a man who knew leather from cow to upholstery, and who talked about it lovingly.

wentnounUS /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading On all sides of him were men who knew all about something, a few who knew a great deal about several things, and a man or two who appeared to have some knowledge of every element and article that went into a motor car.