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Zanoni
Zanoni

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Zanoni is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?
Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.
(Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?
What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)
It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Zanoni

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Zanoni is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?
Line 2
Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.
Line 3
(Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?
/huː ðen ˌɪnˈvestəd juː wɪð ðə ˈmɪʃən tuː əˈnaʊns tuː ðə ˈpiːpəl ðæt ðer ɪz noʊ ɡɑːd/
Line 4
What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)
/wʌt ædˈvæntɪdʒ faɪnd juː ɪn pərˈsweɪdɪŋ mæn ðæt ˈnʌθɪŋ bʌt blaɪnd fɔːrs prɪˈzaɪdz ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈdestəniz ənd straɪks hæpˈhæzərd boʊθ kraɪm ənd ˈvɝː.tʃuː/
Line 5
It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.
/ɪt wɑːz sʌm taɪm bɪˈfɔːr ˈmɪdnaɪt wen ðə ˈstreɪndʒər rɪˈtɜːrnd hoʊm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

destinies noun US /ˈdestəniz/

plural of “destiny” — an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading “What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)”

donne noun US /dʌn/

English clergyman and metaphysical poet celebrated as a preacher (1572-1631)

From this reading “Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?”

haphazard adjective US /hæpˈhæzərd/

dependent upon or characterized by chance

From this reading “What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)”

invested verb US /ˌɪnˈvestəd/

past form of “invest” — make an investment

From this reading “(Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?”

pas noun US /pɑːz/

(ballet) a step in dancing (especially in classical ballet)

From this reading “Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?”

persuading verb US /pərˈsweɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “persuade” — win approval or support for

From this reading “What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)”

preside verb US /prɪˈzaɪd/

act as president

From this reading “Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.”

presides verb US /prɪˈzaɪdz/

third-person singular of “preside” — act as president

From this reading “What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1794

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

7

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

announceverbUS /əˈnaʊns/

make known; make an announcement

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

aunounUS /oʊ/

a soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

avantage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

aveugle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

blindnounUS /blaɪnd/

people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

destinees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

destiniesnounUS /ˈdestəniz/

plural of “destiny” — an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

Discours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

divinite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

donc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

donnenounUS /dʌn/

English clergyman and metaphysical poet celebrated as a preacher (1572-1631)

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

et

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

frappenoun

liqueur poured over shaved ice

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

haphazardadjectiveUS /hæpˈhæzərd/

dependent upon or characterized by chance

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

hasard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

investedverbUS /ˌɪnˈvestəd/

past form of “invest” — make an investment

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

l'homme

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

lenounUS /lə/

a chronic inflammatory collagen disease affecting connective tissue (skin or joints)

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

Mai

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

midnightnounUS /ˈmɪdnaɪt/

12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

missionnounUS /ˈmɪʃən/

an organization of missionaries in a foreign land sent to carry on religious work

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

n'existe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

pasnounUS /pɑːz/

(ballet) a step in dancing (especially in classical ballet)

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

persuadernoun

someone who tries to persuade or induce or lead on

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

persuadingverbUS /pərˈsweɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “persuade” — win approval or support for

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

peuple

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

presideverbUS /prɪˈzaɪd/

act as president

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

presidesverbUS /prɪˈzaɪdz/

third-person singular of “preside” — act as president

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

qu'une

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

que

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

Quel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

Qui

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

Robespierrenoun

French revolutionary; leader of the Jacobins and architect of the Reign of Terror; was himself executed in a coup d'etat (1758-1794)

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

s'annoncer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

ses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

strikesnounUS /straɪks/

plural of “strike” — a group's refusal to work in protest against low pay or bad work conditions

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

t'a

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Qui donc t’a donne la mission s’annoncer au peuple que la divinite n’existe pas?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

trouves-tu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

vertunoun

love of or taste for fine objects of art

From this reading Quel avantage trouves-tu a persuader a l’homme qu’une force aveugle preside a ses destinees et frappe au hasard le crime et la vertu?--Robespierre, “Discours,” Mai 7, 1794.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What advantage find you in persuading man that nothing but blind force presides over his destinies, and strikes haphazard both crime and virtue?)

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was some time before midnight when the stranger returned home.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading (Who then invested you with the mission to announce to the people that there is no God?

Chapter 4 of Zanoni by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 200 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Zanoni contain?

Chapter 4 holds 200 sentences of Zanoni, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Zanoni by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 200 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Zanoni?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Zanoni

Common questions about reading Zanoni by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Zanoni?

Yes. All 7736 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2664 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Zanoni is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2664, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Zanoni take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1548 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Zanoni section by section

How to work through Zanoni section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Zanoni to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Zanoni

Words and structures a reader meets early in Zanoni, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Fontane
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zanoni; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Diverso
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zanoni; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Effeto
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zanoni; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hanno
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zanoni; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.