Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Zenobia
Zenobia

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of Zenobia is here in full — 413 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Zenobia
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.
It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?
To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.
To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.
To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Zenobia

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of Zenobia is here in full — 413 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.
Line 2
It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?
Line 3
To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.
/tuː rɪˈtɜːrn ðem tuː ðer oʊn ˈkʌntri wɜːr tuː wɔːr tuː noʊ ˈpɜːrpəs/
Line 4
To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.
/tuː ˈkɑːlənaɪz ðem wɜːr tuː strɪp wɔːr ʌv ɪts ˈhɔːrərz/
Line 5
To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.
/tuː meɪk ðem ˈfriːmen ʌv ˈaʊər oʊn sɔɪl wɜːr tuː fɪl ðə lænd wɪð foʊz ənd ˈtreɪtərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

captives noun US /ˈkæptɪvz/

plural of “captive” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading “It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?”

colonize verb US /ˈkɑːlənaɪz/

settle as a colony; of countries in the developing world

From this reading “To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.”

foes noun US /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading “To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.”

freemen noun US /ˈfriːmen/

plural of “freeman” — a person who is not a serf or a slave

From this reading “To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.”

horrors noun US /ˈhɔːrərz/

plural of “horror” — intense and profound fear

From this reading “To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.”

strip verb US /strɪp/

take away possessions from someone

From this reading “To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.”

traitors noun US /ˈtreɪtərz/

plural of “traitor” — someone who betrays his country by committing treason

From this reading “To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.”

wars noun US /wɔːrz/

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading “It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

captivesnounUS /ˈkæptɪvz/

plural of “captive” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

ceaseverbUS /siːs/

put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

colonizeverbUS /ˈkɑːlənaɪz/

settle as a colony; of countries in the developing world

From this reading To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

expressverbUS /ɪkˈspres/

give expression to

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

fillverbUS /fɪl/

make full, also in a metaphorical sense

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

foesnounUS /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

freemennounUS /ˈfriːmen/

plural of “freeman” — a person who is not a serf or a slave

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

horrorsnounUS /ˈhɔːrərz/

plural of “horror” — intense and profound fear

From this reading To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.

Julia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

sentimentsnounUS /ˈsentəmənts/

plural of “sentiment” — tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

slavesnounUS /sleɪvz/

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

stripverbUS /strɪp/

take away possessions from someone

From this reading To colonize them were to strip war of its horrors.

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

traitorsnounUS /ˈtreɪtərz/

plural of “traitor” — someone who betrays his country by committing treason

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

warsnounUS /wɔːrz/

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading To return them to their own country, were to war to no purpose.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It is not like the sentiments I have heard you express,' 'I defend it only thus,' I replied: 'so long as we have wars--and when will they cease?--there must be captives; and what can these be but slaves?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading To make them freemen of our own soil, were to fill the land with foes and traitors.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 'But surely,' said Julia, 'you do not mean to defend this condition of life.

Chapter 6 of Zenobia by William Ware holds 413 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Zenobia contain?

Chapter 6 holds 413 sentences of Zenobia, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Zenobia by William Ware exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 413 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Zenobia?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Zenobia

Common questions about reading Zenobia by William Ware on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Zenobia?

Yes. All 7299 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8938 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Zenobia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8938, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Zenobia take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1460 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Zenobia section by section

How to work through Zenobia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Zenobia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Zenobia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Zenobia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Zenobia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Palmyra
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Difficulty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.