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Zenobia
Zenobia

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Zenobia is here in full — 453 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Zenobia
Context Illustration Reading 1/90 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?
He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.
'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'
'Is he ever seen to ride alone?'
I asked.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Zenobia

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Zenobia is here in full — 453 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/90 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?
Line 2
He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.
Line 3
'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'
/tɪz fərˈɡɑːt.n̩ baɪ moʊst ðæt hiː ɪz ˈeni ˈʌðər ðæn ə ˈneɪtɪv ˈpɜːrʒən/
Line 4
'Is he ever seen to ride alone?'
/ɪz hiː ˈevər siːn tuː raɪd əˈloʊn/
Line 5
I asked.
/aɪ æskt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abroad adverb US /əˈbrɔːd/

to or in a foreign country

From this reading “He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.”

dwells verb US /dwelz/

third-person singular of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading “He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.”

harness verb US /ˈhɑːrnəs/

put a harness

From this reading “He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.”

Persian noun US /ˈpɜːrʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading “'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?”

prince's noun US /ˈprɪnsɪz/

possessive form of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading “He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.”

richest adjective US /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading “He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.”

rides noun US /raɪdz/

plural of “ride” — a journey in a vehicle (usually an automobile)

From this reading “He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.”

stuffs noun US /stʌfs/

plural of “stuff” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading “He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

abroadadverbUS /əˈbrɔːd/

to or in a foreign country

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading 'Is he ever seen to ride alone?'

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading I asked.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

dwellsverbUS /dwelz/

third-person singular of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading 'Is he ever seen to ride alone?'

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

harnessverbUS /ˈhɑːrnəs/

put a harness

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

Hormisdas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I asked.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

jewelledadjective

covered with beads or jewels or sequins

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

moreoveradverbUS /mɔːˈroʊvər/

in addition to what has just been said

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

PersiannounUS /ˈpɜːrʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

prince'snounUS /ˈprɪnsɪz/

possessive form of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

prisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

richestadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading 'Is he ever seen to ride alone?'

ridesnounUS /raɪdz/

plural of “ride” — a journey in a vehicle (usually an automobile)

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

Satrapnoun

a governor of a province in ancient Persia

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

stuffsnounUS /stʌfs/

plural of “stuff” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

TisnounUS /tɪz/

plural of “ti” — a light strong grey lustrous corrosion-resistant metallic element used in strong lightweight alloys (as for airplane parts); the main sources are rutile and ilmenite

From this reading 'Tis forgotten by most that he is any other than a native Persian.'

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 'Is he ever seen to ride alone?'

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading He dwells in the palace of Hormisdas, and when seen abroad, rides upon a horse whose harness is jewelled like the prince's, and his dress moreover is of the richest stuffs, and altogether Persian.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 'A prisoner, say you?' he replied, beginning at the end of my question; 'how can a Persian Satrap be called a prisoner?

Chapter 8 of Zenobia by William Ware holds 453 sentences, grouped into 91 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Zenobia contain?

Chapter 8 holds 453 sentences of Zenobia, unabridged, divided into 91 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Zenobia by William Ware exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 453 sentences, grouped into 91 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Zenobia?

Work through the 91 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 91 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Zenobia

Common questions about reading Zenobia by William Ware on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Zenobia?

Yes. All 7299 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8938 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Zenobia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8938, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Zenobia take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1460 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Zenobia section by section

How to work through Zenobia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Zenobia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Zenobia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Zenobia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Zenobia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Palmyra
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Difficulty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.