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Zenobia
Zenobia

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Zenobia is here in full — 407 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Zenobia
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!
Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.
But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.
He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.
His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Zenobia

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Zenobia is here in full — 407 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!
Line 2
Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.
Line 3
But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.
Line 4
He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.
Line 5
His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

concessions noun US /kənˈseʃənz/

plural of “concession” — a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business

From this reading “His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.”

counsels noun US /ˈkaʊnsəlz/

plural of “counsel” — a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading “Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.”

deplored verb US /dɪˈplɔːrd/

past form of “deplore” — express strong disapproval of

From this reading “How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!”

energies noun US /ˈenərdʒiz/

plural of “energy” — (physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading “But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.”

heeded verb US /ˈhiːdəd/

past form of “heed” — pay close attention to; give heed to

From this reading “Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.”

lends verb US /lendz/

third-person singular of “lend” — bestow a quality on

From this reading “But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.”

promotion noun US /prəˈmoʊʃən/

a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution

From this reading “But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.”

yoked verb US /joʊkt/

past form of “yoke” — become joined or linked together

From this reading “He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

availverbUS /əˈveɪl/

use to one's advantage

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

carnounUS /kɑːr/

a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

concessionsnounUS /kənˈseʃənz/

plural of “concession” — a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

Couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

counselsnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəlz/

plural of “counsel” — a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

deploredverbUS /dɪˈplɔːrd/

past form of “deplore” — express strong disapproval of

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

energiesnounUS /ˈenərdʒiz/

plural of “energy” — (physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

follynounUS /ˈfɑːli/

the trait of acting stupidly or rashly

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

heededverbUS /ˈhiːdəd/

past form of “heed” — pay close attention to; give heed to

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

independentadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/

free from external control and constraint

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

lendsverbUS /lendz/

third-person singular of “lend” — bestow a quality on

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

Longinus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

Palmyranoun

tall fan palm of Africa and India and Malaysia yielding a hard wood and sweet sap that is a source of palm wine and sugar; leaves used for thatching and weaving

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

preserveverbUS /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

promotionnounUS /prəˈmoʊʃən/

a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

rashnessnoun

the trait of acting rashly and without prudence

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

slavenounUS /sleɪv/

a person who is owned by someone

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading How is not this rashness, this folly, to be deplored!

trulyadverbUS /ˈtruːli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Could the early counsels of Longinus have been but heeded, all had been well.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading His opinion now is, that no concessions would avail to preserve the independent existence of Palmyra.

yokedverbUS /joʊkt/

past form of “yoke” — become joined or linked together

From this reading He said truly, that he like others is but a slave yoked to her car.

Zenobia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he is now as much devoted to the will and interests of Zenobia as any in the kingdom, and lends all the energies of his great mind to the promotion of her cause.

Chapter 11 of Zenobia by William Ware holds 407 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Zenobia contain?

Chapter 11 holds 407 sentences of Zenobia, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Zenobia by William Ware exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 407 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Zenobia?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Zenobia

Common questions about reading Zenobia by William Ware on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Zenobia?

Yes. All 7299 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8938 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Zenobia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8938, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Zenobia take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1460 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Zenobia section by section

How to work through Zenobia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Zenobia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Zenobia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Zenobia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Zenobia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Palmyra
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Difficulty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Zenobia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.